political science sample test
Political Science Test Online sample Test
Free Online UPSC Political Science Practice and Sample Test
Political Science Test Online sample Test
Free Online UPSC Political Science Practice and Sample Test
Q. 1. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The State is neither the handwork of God, nor the result of superior physical force, nor the creation of resolution or convention, nor a mere expansion the family.
Reason (R): The State emerged imperceptibly, supported by various influences and conditions. It is an institution of natural growth.
In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (a)
Q. 2. A contemporary Marxist who challenged the humanist theory of Marxism and asserted its structuralist interpretation is:
(a) Max Horkheimer
(b) Jurgan Habermas
(c) Louis Althusser
(d) Karl-Korseh
Ans. (b)
Q. 3. One of the significant contributions to Marxism in the twentieth century is the conception of ‘The Intellectuals’ developed by:
(a) Lenin
(b) Althusser
(c) Lucka’s
(d) Gramsci
Ans. (d)
Q. 4. Which one of the following statements correctly explains the Marxian theory of the origin of State?
(a) State originated in order to develop the means of production
(b) State originated in order to change the mode of production
(c) State originated in order to defend the explanation relations of production
(d) State originated in order to bring about classless society
Ans. (c)
Q. 5. In describing the ‘State of Nature’ the concept of ‘the veil of ignorance’ was introduced by:
(a) Hobbes
(b) Locke
(c) Rousseau
(d) Rawls
Ans. (d)
Q. 6. Laski’s political theory may be best characterized as:
(a) pluralist
(b) individualist
(c) Marxist
(d) pluralist, individualist and Marxist in turn
Ans. (d)
Q. 7. Given below and two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The New leftism of Herbert Marcuse, Frantz Fanon and others is not a total rejection of Marxism.
Reason (R): The New left drew heavily on Das Capital.
In the context of the above two statements which one. of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (a)
Q. 8. The function of the State is not to promote morality but to remove obstacles from the way of good life. The above view is attributed to:
(a) New-idealists
(b) Fascists
(c) Utilitarians
(d) Anarchists
Ans. (c)
Q. 9. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): According to T.H. Green the self is a social self.
Reason (R): Bosanquet believes that there is mutuality of relationship between individual and social community of which he is a member. In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (b)
Q. 10. The Welfare State is essentially a synthesis of:
(a) Liberalism and Socialism
(b) Socialism and Communism
(c) Communism and Idealism
(d) Individualism and Fascism
Ans. (a)
Q. 11. The concept of ‘gradualness as the midwife social change’ was accepted by:
(a) Marxists
(b) Democratic Socialists
(c) Syndicalists
(d) Anarchists
Ans. (b)
Q. 12. ‘The principle of the ‘greatest good of the greatest number’:
(a) takes care of the good of every separate individual
(b) sacrifices the individual good at the altar of a majority good designs
(c) designs a calculus which reconciles the greatest good of the individual into the sum total of the good
(d) resolves the problem of individual freedom and social justice within the framework of hedonistic ethics
Ans. (c)
Q. 13. Who among the following thinkers combined ‘natural rights’ with physiological metaphor?
(a) Locke
(b) Spencer
(c) Green
(d) Burke
Ans. (b)
Q. 14. Which one of the following is correctly matched?
(a) Property as product of human labour : Proudhon
(b) Property as theft : Marx
(c) Property as instrument : Aristotle
(d) Property as appropriation of surplus value : Locke
Ans. (c)
Q. 15. “The free man is the man who is not in irons, nor imprisoned in a goal, nor terrorized like a slave by the fear of punishment— It is not lack of freedom not to fly like an eagle or swim like a whale”. (Halvetius)
This is concept of freedom:
(a) as empowerment
(b) as self-determination
(c) as absence of obstacles both external and internal which hamper individual action
(d) as ‘absence of external impediments to movement’
Ans. (c)
Q. 16. “Mankind are greater gainers by suffering each other to live as seems good to themselves than by compelling each to live as seems good to the rest.”
(a) J.S. Mill
(b) Milton
(c) Spinoza
(d) Laski
Ans. (c)
Q. 17. “Freedom is the positive power or capacity of doing or enjoying something worth doing or enjoying.”
This view of liberty was expressed by:
(a) T. Green
(b) I. Kant
(c) H. Laski
(d) J.S. Mill
Ans. (a)
Q. 18. Which one of the following is not an apt description of negative liberty?
(a) It is the area within which a man can act unobstructed by others
(b) The individual has some assured positive spheres in which others cannot interfere
(c) A circle around every individual human being: a space entrenched around, a reserved territory
(d) It is the absence of humanly imposed impediments including lack of access to the means of life and means of labour
Ans. (d)
Q. 19. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Right to equality suggests that people ought to have are equal opportunity to demonstrate their particular capabilities and not be governed by the accident of their birth.
Reason (R): All man are equal in virtue, talent, rational capacity and endeavor.
In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (c)
Q. 20. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R)
Assertion (A): Liberal democrats argue that fictitious inequalities must be overcome and unjustified inequalities must be opposed and unjustified inequalities must be opposed Reason (R): To equalize artificially is tantamount to creating a situation of privileges implied in acceptance of artificial inequalities.
In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the not the correct explanation of A
(b) Both, A and R are, true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (b)
Q. 21. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer:
List –I List- II
A. Aristotle 1. Unto the last
B. Bentham 2. From each according to his needs
C. Marx 3. Greatest happiness of the greatest number
D Ruskin 4. Treat equals equally and unequals unequally
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 4 3 2 1
(c) 3 2 1 4
(d) 4 2 3 1
Ans. (b)
Q. 22. ‘Difference principle’ suggests:
(a) ‘that differences in income and wealth are justified on grounds of merits and natural endowments of individuals
(b) that differences in income and social position can be justified on the ground of maximization of utilities
(c) that inequalities in income and wealth are just only if they are of the great benefit to the least advantaged
(d) that inequalities can be justified on Pareto’s principle of optimality
Ans. (c)
Q. 23. Consider the following passage:
The principles of right, and so of justice, put limits on which satisfactions have value, they impose restrictions on what are reasonable conceptions of one’s good. Hence injustice as fairness one does not take men’s propensities and inclinations as given, whatever they are, and then seek the best way to fulfill them. Rather, their desires and aspirations are restricted from the outset by the principles of justice which specify the boundaries that men’s system of ends must respect.’
(John Rawls, A theory of justice)
In the above passage Rawls suggests:
(a) right is prior to good
(b) good is prior to right
(c) right is the same as good .
(d) good determines right
Ans. (d)
Q. 24. Which has described the State as “a partnership in all science, a partnership in all art, a partnership in every virtue and in all perfection”?
(a) Edmund Burke
(b) Aristotle
(c) Maclver
(d) Morgan
Ans. (a)
Q. 25. The concept of ‘forced freedom’ was first enunciated by:
(a) Hobbes
(b) Locke
(c) Rousseau
(d) T.H. Green
Ans. (c)
Q. 26. In which one of the following schools of thought, is law supposed to be antithetical to liberty?
(a) The democratic school
(b) The classical liberal school
(c) The socialist school
(d) The collectivist school
Ans. (b)
Q. 27. Which of the following were the ideas of Roman Empire?
1. Unity
2. Order
3. Cosmopolitanism
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1 and2
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 3
Ans. (a)
Q. 28. What is the correct chronological order in which the following emerged?
1. The Greek City State
2. The Roman Empire
3. The Feudal State
4. The Nation State
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4
(b) 1, 2, 4, 3
(c) 2, 1, 3, 4
(d) 2, 1, 4, 3
Ans. (a)
Q. 29. In the history of political theory importance of Social Contract Theory lays in the fact that it:
(a) underlined the value of the individual in the State
(b) paved the way for the emergence of organic theory of State
(c) gave rise to the idealist school of thought
(d) revived the Aristotelian view that the State is natural
Ans. (a)
Q. 30. “Life, Liberty and the pursuit of happiness” is a fact of the:
(a) American Declaration of Independence
(b) Preamble of the Indian Constitution
(c) Constitution of U.S.S.R dealing with the right of Soviet citizens
(d) Bill of Rights of the U.S. Constitution
Ans. (a)
Q. 31. Who has regarded Locke’s theory of the state as the manifestation of ‘possessive individualism’?
(a) Hayek
(b) Macpherson
(c) Oakshott
(d) Rawls
Ans. (b)
Q. 32. The legal notion of state has found expression in the writings of:
(a) Bodin, Hobbes, Bentham and Austin
(b) Laski, Maclver, Hegel and Bosanquet
(c) Bodin, Hegel, Bentham and Garuev
(d) Hobbes, T.H. Green, Machiavelli and Austin
Ans. (a)
Q. 33. The classical liberal thinkers held that:
(a) law promotes individual liberty
(b) law restricts individual liberty
(c) there is no positive relationship between law and liberty
(d) law is the first condition of liberty
Ans. (b)
Q. 34. Who among the following defined sovereignty as:
“If a determinate human superior, not in the habit of obedience to a like superior, receives habitual obedience from the bulk of a given society, that human superior is sovereign in that society and that society is a society political and independence.”
(a) Jean Bodin
(b) Thomas Hobbes
(c) John Austin
(d) Herold Laski
Ans. (c)
Q. 35. Fascism took inspiration from social and political ideas of many thinkers.
In this context match List-I with List -II and select the correct answer:
List -I List- II
(Thinkers) (Contribution)
A. Machiavelli 1. Greatness of the State
B. Hegel 2. Cruelty, bad faith, deception
C. Schopenhauer 3. Violence
D. Sorel 4. Irrationalism
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 2 1 3 4
(b) 2 1 4 3
(c) 1 2 3 4
(d) 1 2 4 3
Ans. (a)
Q. 36. Consider the following statements:
Welfare theory stipulates that the state must promote:
1. unrestricted private enterprise
2. equitable distribution of socio-economic resources
3. removal of obstacles to individual development
4. leveling down the inequalities among the citizens
Of these statements :.
(a) 1, 3 and 4 are correct
(b) 2, 3 and 4 are correct
(c) 1, 2 and 3 are correct
(d) 1, 2 and 4 are correct
Ans. (b)
Q. 37. Which of the following statements are not associated with the social contract theory of Rousseau?
1. Each of us puts his person and all his power in common under the supreme direction of general will
2. What man loses by social contract is his natural liberty
3. The first law of nature is that everybody should aim at securing peace
4. State of nature is “a state of peace, goodwill, mutual assistance and preservation”
5. State of nature is ‘a state of peace, goodwill, mutual assistance and preservation” Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) l and 2
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2 and 4
Ans. (a)
Q. 38. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer:
List- I List-II
A. Sanitation, fire fighting, public safety 1.Cultural Services
B. Art galleries, museums, public parks, zoos 2. Welfare Services
C. Road and bridges, Public utility services 3. Physical Services
D. Education, Hospitals, Libraries Services 4.Protective Services
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 1 4 3 2
(b) 1 4 2 3
(c) 4 1 3 2
(d) 4 1 2 3
Ans. (d)
Q. 39. Who is the celebrated author d1 the ‘Law of the Constitution?
(a) A.V. Dicey
(b) Herman Finer
(c) R.G. Gettel
(d) F.W. Willoughby
Ans. (a)
Q. 40. Which one of the following indicates a relationship between inputs and outputs of a political system?
(a) Extractive capability
(b) Regulative capability
(c) Distributive capability
(d) Responsive capability
Ans. (d)
Q. 41. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): State is not an anthropological necessity.
Reason (R): Society provides organizations to individuals and groups
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and Rare true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (d)
Q. 42. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A) . Hobbes was inclined towards absolutism.
Reason (R) : Hobbes was an Englishman who lived in the days of the Civil War.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and Rare true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (a)
Q. 43. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): “The real basis of law is somehow in the individualism because each will is something that ultimately is self determined”.
Reason (R): Liberty is “a right of continuous initiative”
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A as true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (b)
Q. 44. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer:
List- I List- II
(Views about Legal (Thinkers)
theory of Sovereignty)
A. The theory of sovereign state has broken down 1. H. J. Laski
B. It would be of lasting benefit to Political, 2. J. N. Figgis
Science if the whole concept of sovereign
were surrendered
C. A sovereign power is the centre of gravity 3. Sir Henry Maine
in a mass of matter
D. The state in the sense of an absolute 4. A.D. Lindsay
super-entity has never existed
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 2 3 1
(b) 4 1 3 2
(c) 3 2 4 1
(d) 3 1 4 2
Ans. (b)
Q. 45. Which of the following are not the basic principles of Divine Origin Theory?
1. The king is the embodiment of reason and knows best what is good for his subjects
2. Government is the outcome of human aggression
3. Will s the basis of the State
(a) 1, 2 an 3
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 3
Ans. (c)
Q. 46. Consider the following statements:
Aristotle’s classification of Constitution is based on:
1. the size of States
2. the ends pursued by States
3. the kinds of authority exercised by the Government
Of these statements
(a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct
(b) 1 and 2 are correct
(c) 2 and 3 are correct
(d) 1 and 3 are correct
Ans. (c)
Q. 47. Dialectical theory of Hegel is applied to the explanation of the :
(a) progress of society and its institutions including the state
(b) origin of state and society
(c) nature and functions of the state
(d) philosophy of poverty and exploitation
Ans. (a)
Q. 48. When justice emanates from the decisions of the courts in which we find an interpretation of the law of the land, a wise distinction between ‘just’ and ‘unjust’ situations, award of punishment to the wrong doer, structures passed against the delinquent authority etc. it is called:
(a) distributive justice
(b) social justice
(c) corrective justice
(d) political justice
Ans. (c)
Q. 49. Who said that “Authority is Federal”?
(a) Barker
(b) Duguit
(c) Krabbe
(d) Laski
Ans. (d)
Q. 50. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer:
List- I List- II
A. The function of the State is “Hindrance to hindrances” 1. H. J. Laski
B. “That Government is best which governs the least” 2. Jeremy Bentham
C. The state should promote “greatest good of the 3. T. H. Green
greatest number”
D. “The state’ is not absolute—it is pluralistic 4. John Stuart Mill
and federal as society is federal
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 3 4 2 1
(b) 4 3 1 2
(c) 3 4 1 2
(d) 4 3 2 1
Ans. (a)
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political science practice paper
Political Science practice question based on Past Papers
political science practice paper for UPSC Exams
Political Science practice question based on Past Papers
political science practice paper for UPSC Exams
Q. 1. Who among the following thinkers has said that a state is known by the rights it maintains?
(a) Harold Laski
(b) T.H. Green
(c) Beni Prasad
(d) John Locke
Ans. (a)
Q. 2. Match List -I with List -II and select the correct answer:
List -I List- II
(Rights Theory) (Attributes)
A. Natural 1. Natural and inherent right of every citizen
B. Legal. 2. Necessary to ensure the development of human personality
C. Ethical 3. Political right granted by the law of the state
D. Group 4. Part of the life of the community
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 1 3 2 4
(b) 1 2 3 4
(c) 4 2 3 1
(d) 4 3 2 1
Ans. (a)
Q. 3. The statement that ‘property is theft’ is attributed to:
(a) Engels
(c) Marx
(b) Lassalle
(d) Proudhon
Ans. (d)
Q. 4. What is the correct sequence of the following events?
1. French Revolution
2. American War of Independence
3. Magna Carta
4. Glorious Revolution
(a) 3, 4, 2, 1
(b) 4, 3, 2, 1
(c) 4, 3, 1, 2
(d) 3, 4, 1, 2
Ans. (a)
Q. 5. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer:
List I List II
(Concept of Property) (Propounded by)
A. When a person mixes his labour with an 1. Aristotle
object of Nature, he claims it as his property
B. Ownership of property should be individual 2. C. B. Macpherson
but its uses should be common
C. Property is an individual’s right; it is his share 3. H. J. Laski
in political power
D. Property is earned by an individual by 4. John Locke
performing socially useful functions
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 3 2 1 4
(b) 3 1 2 4
(c) 4 2 1 3
(d) 4 1 2 3
Ans. (d)
Q. 6. Match List -I with List -II and select the correct answer:
List- I List -II
(Authors) (Books)
A. J. S. Mill 1. Principles of Political Obligation
B. T.H. Green 2. Theory of Justice
C. H. J. Laski 3.The Group Mind
D. John Rawls 4.Grammar of Politics
5. On Liberty
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 5 1 4 2
(b) 1 3 2 4
(c) 5 1 3 2
(d) 1 5 4 1
Ans. (a)
Q, 7. Match List- I with List -II and select the correct answer
List –I List-II
A. The state is a “Society of Societies” 1. Fascist view
B. The state is an “Autobiography of God” 2. Individualistic view
C. The state is a “necessary evil” 3. Idealistic view
D. “War is to man what maternity is to woman 4. Pluralistic view
I do not believe in perpetual peace”
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 3 2 1
(b) 3 4 1 2
(c) 4 3 1 2
(d) 3 4 2 1
Ans. (a)
Q. 8. Who among the following was not an exponent of Laissez-Fair theory in England?
(a) Adam Smith
(b) T.H. Green
(c) Jeremy Bentham
(d) James Mill
Ans. (b)
Q. 9. The state should not interfere in those actions of the individual, which are “self-regarding” but can interfere in those, which are “other regarding”.
This view was expressed by:
(a) James Mill
(b) Jeremy Bentham
(c) Herbert Spencer
(d) John Stuart Mill
Ans. (d)
Q. 10. What is the correct sequence of the following stages as propounded by Karl Marx?
1. Primitive Communist stage
2. The Feudal stage
3. Ancient stage
4. The Capitalist stage
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Codes:
(a) 1, 3, 4, 2
(b) 3, 1, 4, 2
(c) 1, 3, 2, 4
(d) 3, 1, 2, 4
Ans. (c)
Q. 11. “The state is —a product of society at a certain stage of development; it is the admission that this society has become entangled in an insoluble contradiction with itself, that it has split into irreconcilable antagonisms which it is powerless to dispel.”
This statement pertains to the:
(a) historical theory of the origin of state
(b) evolutionary theory of the origin of state
(c) Marxist theory of the origin of state
(d) None of the above
Ans. (c)
Q. 12. Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
1. Contractualist — John Raw
2. Libertarian — Robert Nozick
3. Communitarian — Charles Taylor
4. Totalitarian — Michel Oakshott
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (d)
Q. 13. Who expressed the view that “equality is unnatural and undesirable”?
(a) Plato
(b) Aristotle
(c) Hegel
(d) Hobbes
Ans. (b)
Q. 14. Which one ‘of the following is not generally considered as a part of the right to equality?
(a) Equal protection under law
(b) Equality of opportunity for all
(c) Equality of right to satisfaction of basic needs of all
(d) Equality of treatment in all circumstances
Ans. (c)
Q. 15. ‘Behind the sovereign which lawyer recognizes, there is another sovereign to whom the legal sovereign must bow.’ To which one of the following does this statement refer?
(a) titular sovereign
(b) real sovereign
(c) political sovereign
(d) nominal sovereign
Ans. (c)
Q. 16. Who among the following thinkers held the view that “Setting up of a government is a much less important event than the, original compact that
makes civil society”?
(a) Hobbes
(b) Locke
(c) Rousseau
(d) Halifax
Ans. (b)
Q. 17. Which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched?
1. Gosplan : Economic planning
2. Mahalanobis : Mixed economy
3. J. C. Kumarappa : Gandhian Economic
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 3 alone
Ans. (c)
Q. 18. Who among the following drew a line between self- regarding and other-regarding activities of the individual?
(a) J. S. Mill
(b) T. H. Green
(c) Isaiah Berlin
(d) Jeremy Bentham
Ans. (a)
Q. 19. Violation of the ‘Rule of Law’ arises mostly from:
(a) limited franchise
(b) delegated legislation
(c) lack of checks and balances
(d) executive’s quasi-judicial powers
Ans. (d)
Q. 20. “Poverty of Philosophy” was written in response to “Philosophy of Poverty”. Which ‘one of the following pairs of authors was involved with these two?
(a) Marx and Duhring
(b) Proudhon and Marx
(c) Duhring and Feurbach
(d) Proudhon and Feurbach
Ans. (b)
Q. 21. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): No State can ensure the welfare of all its citizens.
Reason (R): The State is coercived by nature and inherently opposed to human freedom. In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (c)
Q. 22. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The State should strive to establish a social order which should ensure “freedom from want and ‘freedom from fear’ for all.
Reason (R): Far from an instrument power, the State has become, so far as its internal activities are concerned, in large measure an agency of social justice.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (a)
Q. 23. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Sovereignty is the most important attribute of the State.
Reason (R): In every full-fledged or independent State, there must be an ultimate authority, an authority against which there is no appeal.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (a)
Q. 24. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The ultimate foundations of political obligation lies in human consciousness.
Reason (R): Will, not force is the basis of the State.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but is false
(d) A is false. but R is true
Ans. (a)
Q. 25. The purposes of social contract theory is to:
(a) trace the origin and development of state
(b) justify the status quo of political systems
(c) establish the political authority and principle to obligation
(d) to foster social evolution
Ans. (c)
Q. 26. As a concept, Natural Rights are rights which:
(a) obtain in the state of nature
(b) derive from the necessary t1ations inherent in the world of nature
(c) are co-extensive with the natural powers of man
(d) are intrinsic to the human self-consciousness
Ans. (a)
Q. 27. Sir Henry Maine’s theory of State was influenced by:
(a) Benthamite utilitarianism
(b) The theory of Social Evolution
(c) Theory of Social contract
(d) Hegelian idealism
Ans. (b)
Q. 28. According to Bodin, “Sovereignty is the supreme power over citizens and subjects unrestrained by law.”
In the above definition, the term ‘law’ refers to:
(a) positive law
(b) divine law
(c) natural law
(d) salic law of France
Ans. (a)
Q. 29.The pluralist critique of the classical theory of sovereignty centers on the relationship between the state and low. According to it:
(a) the states is the source of law
(b) law is anterior and superior to the state
(c) the state and law are heterogeneous and always independent of and unrelated to each other
(d) the state and law are virtually identical
Ans. (b)
Q. 30. The Austinian theory attributes to the sovereign:
(a) moral omni competence
(b) political supremacy
(c) absolute judicial authority
(d) the power of political legetimation
Ans. (d)
Q. 31. The theory of the personality and autonomy of groups and association implies that:
(a) they are altogether independent of the authority of the state
(b) they are morally and legally superior to the state
(c) they are morally and legally at par with the state
(d) they do not owe their existence to an act of creation by the state
Ans. (c)
Q. 32. The statement that ‘the state is the end of man’ implies:
(a) that man is subordinate to the state in the sense that the is a means to achieve the end set by the state
(b) the glorification of the state as a transcendent and quasidivine personality
(c) a causally determined social evolution from man to the state
(d) that the natural needs of. man are such that they can be fulfilled only by the state
Ans. (a)
Q. 33. Which of the following pairs of concepts of state and thinkers are correctly matched?
1. State as an artifice : Thomas Hobbes
2. State as a moral organism : Aristotle
3. State as a divine institution : James I
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1 and 2
(c) l and 3
(d) 2 and 3
Ans. (a)
Q. 34. The essence of the Idealist Theory of Rights is that:
(a) rights are those external conditions which are needed for the internal development of the individual
(b) a right is an individual selfish claim against society for the development of his personality
(c) rights are related to the individual’s performance of socially useful functions
(d) rights are rights because they are recognized by the state
Ans. (a)
Q. 35. Which one of the following statement about Rousseau’s theory of social contract is correct?
(a) Rousseau made the contract theory more coherent and systematic
(b) Rousseau charged the basic features of the contract theory by repudiating rational individualism
(c) Rousseau’s general conclusions about the nature of the state are similar to those of Hobbes and Locke
(d) Rousseau extended the natural law and natural right tradition of contract theory
Ans. (b)
Q. 36. According to Hobbes, man may resist the sovereignty if the latter fails to provide him:
(a) welfare
(b) security
(c) equality
(d) justice
Ans. (b)
Q. 37. The formula from ‘status to contract’ refers to:
(a) contract theory
(b) historical theory
(c) force theory
(d) divine right theory
Ans. (a)
Q. 38. Economic determinism implies ultimate primacy of:
(a) class struggle
(b) forces of production
(c) knowledge of science, and technology
(d) property relations
Ans. (b)
Q. 39. Which one of the following theories of the functions of state holds that liberty is not the end of all human associations but it is merely a means for the realization of the fullness of individual life?
(a) Laissez Faire theory
(b) Welfare theory
(c) Anarchist theory
(d) Individualist theory
Ans. (d)
Q. 40. Match List- I with List -II and select the correct answer:
List -I List-II
(Theory of Rights) (Exponents)
A. Legal theory of Rights 1.Edmund Burke
B. Theory of Prescriptive Rights 2. John Locke
C. Theory of Natural Rights 3. T.H. Green
D. Idealistic theory of Rights 4. J. Bentham
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 1 3 2
(b) 1 4 3 2
(c) 1 4 2 3
(d) 4 1 2 3
Ans. (d)
Q. 41. “Liberty is not meaningful unless it is incorporated in a system of rights recognized by the state, though they are moral in nature but are recognized by the state.”
This view was propounded by:
(a) J. Bentham
(b) T. H. Green
(c) John Locke
(d) Herbert Spencer
Ans. (a)
Q. 42. Who among the following thinkers saw in democracy a threat to individual liberty?
(a) Jeremy Bentham
(b) T.H. Green
(c) Harold Laski
(d) Allkis de Tocqueville
Ans. (d)
Q. 43. Who among the following thinkers posited the antithesis of equality and liberty?
(a) Lord Action.
(b) Harold Laski
(c) T. H. Green.
(d) R.H. Tawney
Ans. (a)
Q. 44. By ‘Justice’ Plato meant
(a) legal justice meted out in courts
(b) might as right
(c) harmonious functioning of each part of the soul and corresponding classes in the society
(d) each one getting what he/she deserved
Ans. (c)
Q. 45. The principles of rational choice of individuals in the ‘original position’ in the Rawlsian theory of justice is maximization of:
(a) expected utility
(b) the minimum
(c) the maximum
(d) expectations, excluding any option which contains a very bad possibility
Ans. (d)
Q. 46. Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
1. Thomas Jefferson : We hold, these truths to be sacred and undeniable that all
men are created equal and independent.
2. Niccolo Machiavelli : Liberty gives way to corruption
3. J. J. Rousseau : From each according to his ability, to each according to
his needs
4. Auguste Comte : Science whence comes prediction; prediction whence
comes action.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Codes:
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(b) 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (c)
Q. 47. ‘Primary goods are to be distributed by the state equally, unless an unequal distribution would be to everyone’s advantage.’
Who among the following has expounded this concept of equality?
(a) Karl Marx
(b) J. S. Mill
(c) John Rawls
(d) Rousseau
Ans. (c)
Q. 48. The ground for distributive justice includes:
(a) merit and desert
(b) desert and need
(c) merit and need
(d) merit, desert and need
Ans. (d)
Q. 49. Who among the following is the exponent of negative liberty?
(a) T. H. Green
(b) Isaiah Berlin
(c) Rousseau
(d) Marx
Ans. (b)
Q. 50. “The only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community against his will is to prevent harm to others.”
(a) J. S. Mill
(b) T. H. Green
(c) Thomas Paine
(d) Harold J. Laski
Ans. (a)
.............................................-----------------------------------......................................................
Political Science practice questions UPSC IAS
Political Science Practice Questions For Forthcoming UPSC IAS Exam
Sample test paper UPSC political Science
Political Science Practice Questions For Forthcoming UPSC IAS Exam
Sample test paper UPSC political Science
Q. 1. An Authoritarian State is one which:
(a) Guarantees conditions in which the individual can realize his true self
(b) Commands unquestioning obedience to the authority of the ruler
(c) Claims to regulate every sphere of the individual’s life and activity
(d) Is a natural organization possessing a will of its own to promote the good life
Ans. (c)
(a) Guarantees conditions in which the individual can realize his true self
(b) Commands unquestioning obedience to the authority of the ruler
(c) Claims to regulate every sphere of the individual’s life and activity
(d) Is a natural organization possessing a will of its own to promote the good life
Ans. (c)
Q. 2. Who among the following argued that the past circumstances or actions of people can create differential entitlement?
(a) John Rawls
(b) Charles Taylor
(c) F.A. Hayek
(d) Robert Nozick
Ans. (d)
(a) John Rawls
(b) Charles Taylor
(c) F.A. Hayek
(d) Robert Nozick
Ans. (d)
Q. 3. Consider the following statements:
Essentials of Enlightenment are:
1. Man is natively depraved
2. The end of life is life itself instead of beatific life after death -
3. Man is not capable, guided solely by the light of reason and experience of perfecting the good life on earth
4. The first and the essential condition of good life on earth is the freeing of men’s minds from the bonds of ignorance and superstitions
Which of these is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 3 and 4
Ans. (c)
Essentials of Enlightenment are:
1. Man is natively depraved
2. The end of life is life itself instead of beatific life after death -
3. Man is not capable, guided solely by the light of reason and experience of perfecting the good life on earth
4. The first and the essential condition of good life on earth is the freeing of men’s minds from the bonds of ignorance and superstitions
Which of these is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 3 and 4
Ans. (c)
Q. 4. Match List –I with List –II and select the correct answer:
List-I (Statements) List- II (Thinkers)
A. I am the State 1. Plato
B. The State is prior to the individual 2. Aristotle
C. The State is the march of God on earth 3. Louis XVI
D. The State is individual writ large 4. F.W.G Hegel
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 3 2 4 1
(b) 4 1 3 2
(c) 4 2 3 1
(d) 3 1 4 2
Ans. (a)
List-I (Statements) List- II (Thinkers)
A. I am the State 1. Plato
B. The State is prior to the individual 2. Aristotle
C. The State is the march of God on earth 3. Louis XVI
D. The State is individual writ large 4. F.W.G Hegel
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 3 2 4 1
(b) 4 1 3 2
(c) 4 2 3 1
(d) 3 1 4 2
Ans. (a)
Q. 5. Civil Society is not a central concept in the politics thought of:
(a) F.W.G. Hegel
(b) J. Bentham
(c) A. Gramsci
(d) V.I. Lenin
Ans. (b)
(a) F.W.G. Hegel
(b) J. Bentham
(c) A. Gramsci
(d) V.I. Lenin
Ans. (b)
Q. 6. Which one of the following does not confer legitimacy on the ruler’s power?
(a) Charisma
(b) Customs and traditions
(c) Wealth
(d) Reason and deliberation
Ans. (c)
(a) Charisma
(b) Customs and traditions
(c) Wealth
(d) Reason and deliberation
Ans. (c)
Q. 7. Which one of the following concepts distinguished citizenship from subject hood?
(a) Duties
(b) Obedience
(c) Rights
(d) Patriotism
Ans. (c)
(a) Duties
(b) Obedience
(c) Rights
(d) Patriotism
Ans. (c)
Q. 8. The basis for acquiring citizenship through naturalization is:
(a) birth
(b) choice
(c) coercion
(d) descent
Ans. (b)
(a) birth
(b) choice
(c) coercion
(d) descent
Ans. (b)
Q. 9. Match List -I with List -II and select the correct answer:
List- I (Authors) List- II (Books)
A. Paul Kennedy 1. The Clash of Civilization
B. Mahathir Mohammed and Shintora Shihama 2. Beyond Belief
C. V.S. Naipaul 3. An Asia That Can Say No
D. S.P. Huntington 4. Rise and fall of Great Powers
5. The Asian Drama
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 5 2 1 3
(b) 4 3 2 1
(c) 5 3 2 1
(d) 4 2 1 3
Ans. (b)
List- I (Authors) List- II (Books)
A. Paul Kennedy 1. The Clash of Civilization
B. Mahathir Mohammed and Shintora Shihama 2. Beyond Belief
C. V.S. Naipaul 3. An Asia That Can Say No
D. S.P. Huntington 4. Rise and fall of Great Powers
5. The Asian Drama
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 5 2 1 3
(b) 4 3 2 1
(c) 5 3 2 1
(d) 4 2 1 3
Ans. (b)
Q. 10. Who among the following explained the views of T. H. Green on State as “human consciousness postulates liberty, liberty involved rights and rights demand the State?”
(a) H.J. Laski
(b) R.M. Maclver
(c) E. Barker
(d) S.M. Lipset
Ans. (c)
(a) H.J. Laski
(b) R.M. Maclver
(c) E. Barker
(d) S.M. Lipset
Ans. (c)
Q. 11. From which one of the following perspectives, has the notion of human rights been criticized?
(a) Universalism
(b) Cultural identity
(c) Secularism
(d) Individualism
Ans. (b)
(a) Universalism
(b) Cultural identity
(c) Secularism
(d) Individualism
Ans. (b)
Q. 12. Who among the following, beside the three leading contractualists, favoured the theory of natural rights and who denied it, respectively?
(a) J. S. Mill and J. Bentham
(b) T. Paine and J. Bentham
(c) T. Paine and J. S. Mill
(d) T.H. Green and J. S. Mill
Ans. (b)
(a) J. S. Mill and J. Bentham
(b) T. Paine and J. Bentham
(c) T. Paine and J. S. Mill
(d) T.H. Green and J. S. Mill
Ans. (b)
Q. 13. The kind of equality that the rule of law enshrines, is:
(a) substantive
(b) procedural
(c) distributive
(d) patterned
Ans. (b)
(a) substantive
(b) procedural
(c) distributive
(d) patterned
Ans. (b)
Q. 14. The Rawlsian notion of justice is
(a) socialist
(b) utilitarian
(c) communitarian
(d) liberal
Ans. (c)
(a) socialist
(b) utilitarian
(c) communitarian
(d) liberal
Ans. (c)
Q. 15. Which one of the following has a close affinity to the rule of law?
(a) Martial Law
(b) Judicial supremacy
(c) Constitution
(d) Separation of powers
Ans. (c)
(a) Martial Law
(b) Judicial supremacy
(c) Constitution
(d) Separation of powers
Ans. (c)
Q. 16. Hegel viewed civil society as an embodiment of:
(a) particularity
(b) unity
(c) universality
(d) community
Ans. (c)
(a) particularity
(b) unity
(c) universality
(d) community
Ans. (c)
Q. 17. Who among the following first put forward the concept of Swaraj?
(a) K.C. Bhattacharya
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) M.K. Gandhi
(d) B.G. Tilak
Ans. (d)
(a) K.C. Bhattacharya
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) M.K. Gandhi
(d) B.G. Tilak
Ans. (d)
Q. 18. “Polity (in the modern sense of democracy) is more stable and gives less occasion for revolution.” This statement is attributed to:
(a) Cicero
(b) Plato
(c) Polibius
(d) Aristotle
Ans. (d)
(a) Cicero
(b) Plato
(c) Polibius
(d) Aristotle
Ans. (d)
Q. 19. The understanding of democracy as a mode of distributing power widely, thereby preventing its concentration is few hands is termed as:
(a) pluralist
(b) federalist
(c) participatory
(d) representative
Ans. (a)
(a) pluralist
(b) federalist
(c) participatory
(d) representative
Ans. (a)
Q. 20. “Self is prior to its ends” and “Right is poor to the good” are the principles upheld by:
(a) Immanuel Kant
(b) F.W.G. Hegel
(c) Charles Taylor
(d) Michael Walzer
Ans. (a)
(a) Immanuel Kant
(b) F.W.G. Hegel
(c) Charles Taylor
(d) Michael Walzer
Ans. (a)
Q. 21. Consider the following two broad types of elites:
1. Organizing and directing elite, which deal with concrete goals and programme and
2. Informally organized and diffused elites; which deal with moral and spiritual problems
Who among the following classified elites in these two broad types?
(a) Vilfred Pareto
(b) Karl Mannheim
(c) Ganertaro Mosca
(d) Robert Michaels
Ans. (b)
1. Organizing and directing elite, which deal with concrete goals and programme and
2. Informally organized and diffused elites; which deal with moral and spiritual problems
Who among the following classified elites in these two broad types?
(a) Vilfred Pareto
(b) Karl Mannheim
(c) Ganertaro Mosca
(d) Robert Michaels
Ans. (b)
Q. 22. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of a Theocratic State?
(a) The religious authority should prevail over political authority
(b) Government posts are filled upon the basis of one’s position in the religious hierarchy
(c) Religious rules and precepts take precedence over political rules and regulations
(d) Its authority is based on popular consent
Ans. (d)
(a) The religious authority should prevail over political authority
(b) Government posts are filled upon the basis of one’s position in the religious hierarchy
(c) Religious rules and precepts take precedence over political rules and regulations
(d) Its authority is based on popular consent
Ans. (d)
Q. 23. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer:
List –I (Authors) List -II (Books)
A. F.A. Hayek 1. Political Liberalization
B. John Rawls 2. The Constitution of Liberty
C. C.B. Macpherson 3. The Real World of Democracy
D. Million Friedman 4. Capitalism and Freedom
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 2 1 3 4
(b) 4 3 1 2
(c) 2 3 1 4
(d) 4 1 3 2
Ans. (a)
List –I (Authors) List -II (Books)
A. F.A. Hayek 1. Political Liberalization
B. John Rawls 2. The Constitution of Liberty
C. C.B. Macpherson 3. The Real World of Democracy
D. Million Friedman 4. Capitalism and Freedom
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 2 1 3 4
(b) 4 3 1 2
(c) 2 3 1 4
(d) 4 1 3 2
Ans. (a)
Q. 24, The organizational approach to the ‘Elite Theory’ is represented by:
(a) Vilfred Pareto
(b) Caetano Mosca
(c) Robert Michaels
(d) C. Wright Mills
Ans. (c)
(a) Vilfred Pareto
(b) Caetano Mosca
(c) Robert Michaels
(d) C. Wright Mills
Ans. (c)
Q. 25. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer:
List -I (Authors) List- II (Books)
A. Simone de Beauvoir 1. The Second Sex
B. Betty Friedan 2. Sexual Politics
C. Kate Millet 3. Feminine Mystique
D. Sheila Rowbothom 4. Woman’s Consciousness, Man’s World
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 2 3 4 1
(b) 1 4 3 2
(c) 2 4 3 1
(d) 1 3 4 2
Ans. (d)
List -I (Authors) List- II (Books)
A. Simone de Beauvoir 1. The Second Sex
B. Betty Friedan 2. Sexual Politics
C. Kate Millet 3. Feminine Mystique
D. Sheila Rowbothom 4. Woman’s Consciousness, Man’s World
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 2 3 4 1
(b) 1 4 3 2
(c) 2 4 3 1
(d) 1 3 4 2
Ans. (d)
Q. 26. The theory of sovereignty is historically associated with the rise of:
(a) feudalism
(b) absolute monarchy
(c) democracy
(d) decolonization
Ans. (b)
(a) feudalism
(b) absolute monarchy
(c) democracy
(d) decolonization
Ans. (b)
Q. 27. Which of the following characteristics correctly explain the Marxist perspective of the nature of State?
The State:
1. arose out of class contradictions
2. is the most powerful instrument of exploitation
3. represents organized violence by the proletariat
4. symbolizes transformation of intrastate efficacy
5. express social divisiveness as a persistent reality
6. protects the economics interests of the most powerful
Codes:
(a) 3, 5 and 6
(b) 1, 4 and 5
(c) l, 2 and 6
(d) 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (c)
The State:
1. arose out of class contradictions
2. is the most powerful instrument of exploitation
3. represents organized violence by the proletariat
4. symbolizes transformation of intrastate efficacy
5. express social divisiveness as a persistent reality
6. protects the economics interests of the most powerful
Codes:
(a) 3, 5 and 6
(b) 1, 4 and 5
(c) l, 2 and 6
(d) 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (c)
Q. 28. The policy of protective discrimination seeks to promote:
(a) formal equality
(b) substantive equality
(c) inequality
(d) meritocracy
Ans. (b)
(a) formal equality
(b) substantive equality
(c) inequality
(d) meritocracy
Ans. (b)
Q. 29. Match List -I with List- II and select the correct answer:
List -I List- II
(Political Thinkers) (Ideas)
A. Machiavelli 1.Wanted a stable mercantile bourgeois State in England
B. Hobbes 2. Wanted the creation and consolidation of a national
Monarchy in Italy
C. Locke 3. Wanted a socialist revolution and overthrow of capitalism
D. Marx 4. Wanted to nationalize the Glorious Revolution
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 2 1 4 3
(b) 3 4 1 2
(c) 2 4 1 3
(d) 3 1 4 2
Ans. (a)
List -I List- II
(Political Thinkers) (Ideas)
A. Machiavelli 1.Wanted a stable mercantile bourgeois State in England
B. Hobbes 2. Wanted the creation and consolidation of a national
Monarchy in Italy
C. Locke 3. Wanted a socialist revolution and overthrow of capitalism
D. Marx 4. Wanted to nationalize the Glorious Revolution
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 2 1 4 3
(b) 3 4 1 2
(c) 2 4 1 3
(d) 3 1 4 2
Ans. (a)
Q. 30. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer:
List- I (Thinkers) List -II (Statements)
A. Edmund Burke 1. It is not the nation which generates the State.
Rather it is the State which creates the nation.
B. Mussolini 2. State is a partnership in all science, a partnership in all
art, a partnership in every virtue and in all perfection.
C. Hegel 3. The State is a divine will, in the sense that it is mind
present on earth, unfolding itself to be the actual shape
and organization of a world.
D. Locke 4. The State acts as a night watchman whose services are
only called upon when orderly existence is threatened.
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 2 1 3 4
(b) 3 4 2 1
(c) 2 4 3 1
(d) 3 1 2 4
Ans. (a)
List- I (Thinkers) List -II (Statements)
A. Edmund Burke 1. It is not the nation which generates the State.
Rather it is the State which creates the nation.
B. Mussolini 2. State is a partnership in all science, a partnership in all
art, a partnership in every virtue and in all perfection.
C. Hegel 3. The State is a divine will, in the sense that it is mind
present on earth, unfolding itself to be the actual shape
and organization of a world.
D. Locke 4. The State acts as a night watchman whose services are
only called upon when orderly existence is threatened.
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 2 1 3 4
(b) 3 4 2 1
(c) 2 4 3 1
(d) 3 1 2 4
Ans. (a)
Q. 31. Match List -I with List -II and select the correct answer:
List -I (Authors) List -II (Books)
A. John Rawls 1. Spheres of Justice
B. Morten Kaplan 2. The Mirage of Social Justice
C. Federick Hayek 3. System and Process in International Politics
D. Michael Walzer 4. A Theory of Justice
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 3 2 1
(b) 2 1 4 3
(c) 4 1 2 3
(d) 2 3 4 1
Ans. (a)
List -I (Authors) List -II (Books)
A. John Rawls 1. Spheres of Justice
B. Morten Kaplan 2. The Mirage of Social Justice
C. Federick Hayek 3. System and Process in International Politics
D. Michael Walzer 4. A Theory of Justice
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 3 2 1
(b) 2 1 4 3
(c) 4 1 2 3
(d) 2 3 4 1
Ans. (a)
Q. 32. Who among the following justified the absolute power of sovereign on the basis of an original and irrevocable agreement of the people to surrender their natural rights to its authority?
(a) Hobbes
(b) Rousseau
(c) Austin
(d) Laski
Ans. (a)
(a) Hobbes
(b) Rousseau
(c) Austin
(d) Laski
Ans. (a)
Q. 33. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
(a) Aristotle : State is a magnified individual
(b) Hegel : State is a march of God on earth
(c) Marx : Modern state is an instrument of class exploitation
(d) Gandhi : State represents violence in concentrated form
Ans. (a)
Q. 34. “With the causes of exploitation of class by class removed, with the abolition of classes, the State will , therefore, inevitably wither away.” To which theory of the origin of State is the above statement applicable?
(a) Divine right theory
(b) Social contract theory
(c) Evolutionary theory
(d) Marxist theory
Ans. (d)
(a) Aristotle : State is a magnified individual
(b) Hegel : State is a march of God on earth
(c) Marx : Modern state is an instrument of class exploitation
(d) Gandhi : State represents violence in concentrated form
Ans. (a)
Q. 34. “With the causes of exploitation of class by class removed, with the abolition of classes, the State will , therefore, inevitably wither away.” To which theory of the origin of State is the above statement applicable?
(a) Divine right theory
(b) Social contract theory
(c) Evolutionary theory
(d) Marxist theory
Ans. (d)
Q. 35. Pluralists believe that:
(a) State is morally superior to all associations
(b) Power of the State is absolute, internally and externally
(c) State is also one of the associations of society
(d) Society and State are coeval and co-extensive
Ans. (c)
(a) State is morally superior to all associations
(b) Power of the State is absolute, internally and externally
(c) State is also one of the associations of society
(d) Society and State are coeval and co-extensive
Ans. (c)
Q. 36. Which one of the following statements can be associated with the concept of eights?
(a) One’s realization of his best self must involve as its logical result the realization by others of their best selves
(b) Adequate opportunities must be laid open to all
(c) One is entitled to all those conditions of social life without which no man can seek in general to be himself at his best
(d) The very difference in the nature of men require mechanisms for the expression of their wills that given to each its due hearing
Ans. (c)
(a) One’s realization of his best self must involve as its logical result the realization by others of their best selves
(b) Adequate opportunities must be laid open to all
(c) One is entitled to all those conditions of social life without which no man can seek in general to be himself at his best
(d) The very difference in the nature of men require mechanisms for the expression of their wills that given to each its due hearing
Ans. (c)
Q. 37. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer:
List- I (Theorists) List -II (Statements)
A. Duguit 1. ‘Where there is no law, there is no freedom’
B. Locke 2. ‘Law is the command of the Sovereign’
C. Maclver 3. ‘It is not the State which creates law but it is the
law which creates the State. Laws are merely
the expressions of social reality’
D. Austin 4. The State is both the child and the parent of law’
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 1 3 2
(b) 3 2 4 1
(c) 4 2 3 1
(d) 3 1 4 2
Ans. (d)
List- I (Theorists) List -II (Statements)
A. Duguit 1. ‘Where there is no law, there is no freedom’
B. Locke 2. ‘Law is the command of the Sovereign’
C. Maclver 3. ‘It is not the State which creates law but it is the
law which creates the State. Laws are merely
the expressions of social reality’
D. Austin 4. The State is both the child and the parent of law’
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 1 3 2
(b) 3 2 4 1
(c) 4 2 3 1
(d) 3 1 4 2
Ans. (d)
Q. 38. Who believed that “Irrespective of the forms of government, authority tends to be oligarchic”?
(a) Aristotle
(b) Robert Mitchels
(c) Harold Laski
(d) Max Weber
Ans. (b)
(a) Aristotle
(b) Robert Mitchels
(c) Harold Laski
(d) Max Weber
Ans. (b)
Q. 39. According to Antonio Gramsci, civil society is primarily geared to the generation of:
(a) coercion
(b) exploitation
(c) consent
(d) dissent
Ans. (c)
(a) coercion
(b) exploitation
(c) consent
(d) dissent
Ans. (c)
Q. 40. Which concept of democratic participation has a coalitional thrust?
(a) Liberal
(b) Populist
(c) Consociational
(d) Totalitarian
Ans. (c)
(a) Liberal
(b) Populist
(c) Consociational
(d) Totalitarian
Ans. (c)
Q. 41. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer:
List -I (Statements) List- II (Thinkers)
A. ‘The highest moral law is that we should 1. J.S. Mill
unremittingly work for the good of mankind’
B. ‘It is important to give the freest scope possible 2. Mahatma Gandhi
to uncustomary things in order that it may in time
appear which of these are fit to We converted into custom’
C. ‘Where the need for immediate liberty is urgent and it is 3. Sri Aurobindo
a present question of national life or death on the
instant, revolt is the only .
Codes:
A B C
(a) 3 2 1
(b) 2 1 3
(c) 3 1 2
(d) 2 3 1
Ans. (b)
List -I (Statements) List- II (Thinkers)
A. ‘The highest moral law is that we should 1. J.S. Mill
unremittingly work for the good of mankind’
B. ‘It is important to give the freest scope possible 2. Mahatma Gandhi
to uncustomary things in order that it may in time
appear which of these are fit to We converted into custom’
C. ‘Where the need for immediate liberty is urgent and it is 3. Sri Aurobindo
a present question of national life or death on the
instant, revolt is the only .
Codes:
A B C
(a) 3 2 1
(b) 2 1 3
(c) 3 1 2
(d) 2 3 1
Ans. (b)
Q. 42. A socialist theory does not stand for:
(a) state control on the means of production
(b) production to be based on social necessity
(c) social service motive
(d) free and open competition
Ans. (c)
(a) state control on the means of production
(b) production to be based on social necessity
(c) social service motive
(d) free and open competition
Ans. (c)
Q. 43. “Human consciousness postulates liberty, liberty involves right, rights demand the State”. Who has made this statement?
(a) Laski
(b) Barker
(c) Green
(d) Hegel
Ans. (c)
(a) Laski
(b) Barker
(c) Green
(d) Hegel
Ans. (c)
Q. 44. Consider the following statements:
In the liberal tradition, equality implies:
1. same treatment for all
2. identical right for all citizens
3. maintenance of equilibrium
4. similarity of opportunities and results
Which one of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 3 and 4
Ans. (c)
In the liberal tradition, equality implies:
1. same treatment for all
2. identical right for all citizens
3. maintenance of equilibrium
4. similarity of opportunities and results
Which one of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 3 and 4
Ans. (c)
Q. 45. Match List -I (Concepts) with List -II (Proponents) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
List-I List-II
A. Soft State 1. Sydney Verbe
B. Communication 2. Heinz Eulau
C. Civic Culture 3. Karl Deutsch
D. Bebaviouralism 4. Gunnar Myrdal
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 3 1 2
(b) 2 3 1 4
(c) 4 1 3 2
(d) 2 1 3 4
Ans. (a)
List-I List-II
A. Soft State 1. Sydney Verbe
B. Communication 2. Heinz Eulau
C. Civic Culture 3. Karl Deutsch
D. Bebaviouralism 4. Gunnar Myrdal
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 3 1 2
(b) 2 3 1 4
(c) 4 1 3 2
(d) 2 1 3 4
Ans. (a)
Q. 46. Which one of the following is not included in the concept of political culture?
(a) Civic virtue and responsibility
(b) Participatory and pluralistic democracy
(c) Order through rational bureaucracy
(d) The search for quality
Ans. (d)
(a) Civic virtue and responsibility
(b) Participatory and pluralistic democracy
(c) Order through rational bureaucracy
(d) The search for quality
Ans. (d)
Q. 47.Rawl’s theory of justice is essentially:
(a) Kantian
(b) Utilitarian
(c) Marxist
(d) Libertarian
Ans. (a)
(a) Kantian
(b) Utilitarian
(c) Marxist
(d) Libertarian
Ans. (a)
Q. 48. Which one of the following theories held the view that the State is a product and manifestation of the irreconcilability of class antagonism?
(a) Evolutionary theory
(b) Anarchist theory
(c) Marxist — Leninist theory
(d) Guild — Socialist theory
Ans. (c)
(a) Evolutionary theory
(b) Anarchist theory
(c) Marxist — Leninist theory
(d) Guild — Socialist theory
Ans. (c)
Q. 49. Classical liberalism was a political doctrine which:
(a) Condemned laissez — faire capitalism
(b) Attacked absolution and feudal privilege
(c) Opposed nationalism
(d) Spoke against individualism
Ans. (b)
(a) Condemned laissez — faire capitalism
(b) Attacked absolution and feudal privilege
(c) Opposed nationalism
(d) Spoke against individualism
Ans. (b)
Q. 50. Neo- liberals prioritize:
(a) freedom of choice over equal treatment
(b) equal treatment over freedom of choice
(c) civic freedoms over political freedoms
(d) equal treatment over equality of respect
Ans. (a)
(a) freedom of choice over equal treatment
(b) equal treatment over freedom of choice
(c) civic freedoms over political freedoms
(d) equal treatment over equality of respect
Ans. (a)
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Solved UPSC Political Science Questions and Answers
Political Science Questions, Answers
IAS political science question papers
political science test questions
Q. 1. The correct sequence in Game theory is:
(a) game—choice—player—equilibrium
(b) payoffs — strategies — system — game
(c) payoffs — choice — player — game
(d) systems — equilibrium — game — player
Ans. (a)
Political Science Questions, Answers
IAS political science question papers
political science test questions
Q. 1. The correct sequence in Game theory is:
(a) game—choice—player—equilibrium
(b) payoffs — strategies — system — game
(c) payoffs — choice — player — game
(d) systems — equilibrium — game — player
Ans. (a)
Q. 2. Which one of the following statements is not correct?
(a) Diplomacy is an instrument of foreign policy
(b) Major international agreements are usually negotiated by foreign ministers
(c) Diplomats do not play now as great a role in international negotiations as they once did
(d) Diplomats now get greater latitude than they enjoyed 19th Century
Ans. (d)
(a) Diplomacy is an instrument of foreign policy
(b) Major international agreements are usually negotiated by foreign ministers
(c) Diplomats do not play now as great a role in international negotiations as they once did
(d) Diplomats now get greater latitude than they enjoyed 19th Century
Ans. (d)
Q. 3. Which one does not contribute to the formation of International Government?
(a) Expansion of international trade
(b) Establishment of international organization
(c) Inter-state rivalry
(d) Means of communication
Ans. (c)
(a) Expansion of international trade
(b) Establishment of international organization
(c) Inter-state rivalry
(d) Means of communication
Ans. (c)
Q. 4. In his realistic theory of International politics Morgenthau’s autonomy of political sphere denotes
(a) autonomy of the State in international sphere
(b) autonomy of the decision-makers vis-a vis-the legislature
(c) autonomy of the political action in complete disregard to other standards of thought
(d) autonomy of the policy-makers vis-a vis other
agencies or organs of the government
Ans. (c)
(a) autonomy of the State in international sphere
(b) autonomy of the decision-makers vis-a vis-the legislature
(c) autonomy of the political action in complete disregard to other standards of thought
(d) autonomy of the policy-makers vis-a vis other
agencies or organs of the government
Ans. (c)
Q. 5. The Marxists perceive international politics as:
(a) a struggle for power between the bourgeois and socialist systems with the hope of inevitable triumph of international proletarianism
(b) a struggle for power between two nations or group of nations that can be managed by maintaining balances of power
(c) Interactions among States that can be peacefully
(d) Interactions among States guided and molded by leaders of those States
Ans. (a)
(a) a struggle for power between the bourgeois and socialist systems with the hope of inevitable triumph of international proletarianism
(b) a struggle for power between two nations or group of nations that can be managed by maintaining balances of power
(c) Interactions among States that can be peacefully
(d) Interactions among States guided and molded by leaders of those States
Ans. (a)
Q. 6. Decision making theorist’s focus on:
(a) foreign policy decisions made by a State
(b) impact of domestic politics on foreign policy decisions
(c) Specific decisions makers who speak and act in the name of a State
(d) Actual or objective environment that influence foreign policy decisions
Ans. (d)
(a) foreign policy decisions made by a State
(b) impact of domestic politics on foreign policy decisions
(c) Specific decisions makers who speak and act in the name of a State
(d) Actual or objective environment that influence foreign policy decisions
Ans. (d)
Q. 7. Who among the following is the pioneer of the theory of neo-realism?
(a) Kenneth Waltz
(b) Hans Morgenthau
(c) Barry Buzari
(d) Raul Prebish
Ans. (a)
(a) Kenneth Waltz
(b) Hans Morgenthau
(c) Barry Buzari
(d) Raul Prebish
Ans. (a)
Q. 8. In the positive — sum game:
(a) what one actor wins, the other loses
(b) gains and losses are not necesbji1y equal and both the sides may gain
(c) gains and losses are necessarily equal and both the sides may gain
(d) both the actors lose
Ans (b)
(a) what one actor wins, the other loses
(b) gains and losses are not necesbji1y equal and both the sides may gain
(c) gains and losses are necessarily equal and both the sides may gain
(d) both the actors lose
Ans (b)
Q. 9. Schelling’s concepts of ‘mixed — motive game’ richly embodies:
(a) political and economic points of view
(b) cultural and ideological points of view
(c) psychological and sociological points of view
(d) strategic and military points of view
Ans. (c)
(a) political and economic points of view
(b) cultural and ideological points of view
(c) psychological and sociological points of view
(d) strategic and military points of view
Ans. (c)
Q. 10. Central feature of Immanuel Wallenstein’s work is:
(a) world system
(b) nation
(c) regional systems
(d) underdevelopment
Ans. (a)
(a) world system
(b) nation
(c) regional systems
(d) underdevelopment
Ans. (a)
Q. 11. Which among the following scholars propounded the systems approach towards the study of international relations?
(a) David Easton
(b) Gabriel Almond
(c) C. McClelland
(d) J.W. Burton
Ans. (c)
(a) David Easton
(b) Gabriel Almond
(c) C. McClelland
(d) J.W. Burton
Ans. (c)
Q. 12. Match List -I with List -II and select the correct answer using the code given below.
List-I List- II
(Scholar) (Theory/Approach)
A. Morgenthau 1. Systems Theory
B. Bernard Cohen 2. Game Theory
C. Merton Kaplan 3. Decision making approach
D. Emile Berd 4. Realist School
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 3 1 2
(b) 2 1 3 4
(c) 4 1 3 2
(d) 2 3 1 4
Ans. (a)
List-I List- II
(Scholar) (Theory/Approach)
A. Morgenthau 1. Systems Theory
B. Bernard Cohen 2. Game Theory
C. Merton Kaplan 3. Decision making approach
D. Emile Berd 4. Realist School
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 3 1 2
(b) 2 1 3 4
(c) 4 1 3 2
(d) 2 3 1 4
Ans. (a)
Q. 13. Which one of the following approaches or modest of international politics does not give importance to the role of state as an actor?
(a) Dependency model
(b) Realist Model
(c) Neo-realist model
(d) Interdependence pluralist model
Ans. (a)
(a) Dependency model
(b) Realist Model
(c) Neo-realist model
(d) Interdependence pluralist model
Ans. (a)
Q. 14. Which country was appointed the first Chairman of the Decolonization Committee of the United Nations?
(a) USA
(c) India
(b) Sweden
(d) Japan
Ans. (c)
(a) USA
(c) India
(b) Sweden
(d) Japan
Ans. (c)
Q. 15. Consider the following statements in respect of the general systems theory:
1. The general systems theory is highly attractive from the standpoint an empirical research.
2. The theory has been criticized for falling to adequately cater for concept such as political power and influence.
Which of the statement given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (c)
1. The general systems theory is highly attractive from the standpoint an empirical research.
2. The theory has been criticized for falling to adequately cater for concept such as political power and influence.
Which of the statement given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (c)
Q. 16. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other 1abelledas Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Marxist theory of international is less of a theory and more of a perspective towards understanding of international relations.
Reason (R): Though Karl Marx has written extensively and he has been identified as a great theorist and philosopher of the modern times, yet he did not put forward a theory of international relations like Morgenthau, Kaplan and Snyder. In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (b)
Assertion (A): Marxist theory of international is less of a theory and more of a perspective towards understanding of international relations.
Reason (R): Though Karl Marx has written extensively and he has been identified as a great theorist and philosopher of the modern times, yet he did not put forward a theory of international relations like Morgenthau, Kaplan and Snyder. In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (b)
Q. 17. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The decision making theory was developed especially in the realm of foreign policy making.
Reason (R): It concentrates/focuses on the person shaping international events rather than on the international situation:
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (a)
Assertion (A): The decision making theory was developed especially in the realm of foreign policy making.
Reason (R): It concentrates/focuses on the person shaping international events rather than on the international situation:
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (a)
Q. 18. What is the model that deals with a conflict situation where all the rivals are to benefit in different degrees, described as?
(a) Malign — conflict situation
(b) Benign —conflict situation.
(c) Zero — sum situation
(d) Non-zero — sum situation
Ans. (c)
(a) Malign — conflict situation
(b) Benign —conflict situation.
(c) Zero — sum situation
(d) Non-zero — sum situation
Ans. (c)
Q. 19. Which one of the following is an apt description of Bodin’s theory of sovereignty?
(a) Absolute sovereignty
(b) Limited sovereignty
(c) Political sovereignty
(d) Popular sovereignty
Ans. (a)
(a) Absolute sovereignty
(b) Limited sovereignty
(c) Political sovereignty
(d) Popular sovereignty
Ans. (a)
Q. 20. Who among the following thinkers criticized the Austinian theory of sovereignty on the ground that law is not the command of the sovereign but an expression of the community’s sense of right?
(a) Laski
(b) Krabbe
(c) Duguit
(d) Gierke
Ans. (b)
(a) Laski
(b) Krabbe
(c) Duguit
(d) Gierke
Ans. (b)
Q. 21. Associations are not persona ficta but real persons existing prior to the State. This view was propounded by:
(a) Hobbes
(b) Hegel
(c) Duguit
(d) Gierke
Ans. (d)
(a) Hobbes
(b) Hegel
(c) Duguit
(d) Gierke
Ans. (d)
Q. 22. About which of the following thinkers it has been said that his theory of the State is “an incongruous mixture of natural rights and physiological metaphor”?
(a) Bradley
(b) Spencer
(c) Bluntschli
(d) Burke
Ans. (b)
(a) Bradley
(b) Spencer
(c) Bluntschli
(d) Burke
Ans. (b)
Q. 23. Match List- I with List -II and select the correct
List -I List -II
A. The State is the soul 1. Hegel writ large
B. The State is coordinating 2. Weber and adjusting
C. The State has the monopoly of 3. Ernest Barker
legitimate physical force
D. The State is the self realizing 4. Plato and self-actualizing individual
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 3 2 1
(b) 5 2 1 4
(c) 1 3 2 1
(d) 4 2 3 1
Ans. (a)
List -I List -II
A. The State is the soul 1. Hegel writ large
B. The State is coordinating 2. Weber and adjusting
C. The State has the monopoly of 3. Ernest Barker
legitimate physical force
D. The State is the self realizing 4. Plato and self-actualizing individual
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 3 2 1
(b) 5 2 1 4
(c) 1 3 2 1
(d) 4 2 3 1
Ans. (a)
Q. 24. The idea of social contract has been recently revived under a new form by:
(a) Nozick
(b) Rawls
(c) Oakshott
(d) Hannah Arendt
Ans. (b)
(a) Nozick
(b) Rawls
(c) Oakshott
(d) Hannah Arendt
Ans. (b)
Q. 25. The theory of social contract primarily seeks:
(a) to explore the historical origin of the State
(b) to explain the basis of political obligation
(c) to justify the status quo
(d) to bring out a radical transformation of society by revolution
Ans. (b)
(a) to explore the historical origin of the State
(b) to explain the basis of political obligation
(c) to justify the status quo
(d) to bring out a radical transformation of society by revolution
Ans. (b)
Q. 26. Which one of the following statements about Rousseau is correct?
(a) He perfected the theory of Social Contract
(b) He repudiated the theory of Contract altogether
(c) He transformed the theory of Contract into an idealist mode of political discourse
(d) He added nothing to the theories of Hobbes and Locke beyond combining their views
Ans. (c)
(a) He perfected the theory of Social Contract
(b) He repudiated the theory of Contract altogether
(c) He transformed the theory of Contract into an idealist mode of political discourse
(d) He added nothing to the theories of Hobbes and Locke beyond combining their views
Ans. (c)
Q. 27. The Historical Theory of the Origin of the State was propounded by:
(a) Sir Henry Maine
(b) Triestske
(c) Oppenheimer
(d) Durkheim
Ans. (a)
(a) Sir Henry Maine
(b) Triestske
(c) Oppenheimer
(d) Durkheim
Ans. (a)
Q. 28. Which one of the following theories held that the State is a product and manifestation of the irreconcilability of class antagonisms?
(a) Evolutionary Theory
(b) Anarchist Theory
(c) Marxist-Leninist Theory
(d) Guild-Socialist Theory
Ans. (c)
(a) Evolutionary Theory
(b) Anarchist Theory
(c) Marxist-Leninist Theory
(d) Guild-Socialist Theory
Ans. (c)
Q. 29. What is the correct order of primacy of the following layers of social structure according to the Materialistic Interpretation History?
1. Relations of production
2. Ideology
3. Forces of production
4. Legal and Political organizations
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1, 3, 2, 4
(b) 3, 1, 4, 2
(c) 3, 4, 1, 2
(d) 2, 3, 4, 1
Ans. (b)
1. Relations of production
2. Ideology
3. Forces of production
4. Legal and Political organizations
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1, 3, 2, 4
(b) 3, 1, 4, 2
(c) 3, 4, 1, 2
(d) 2, 3, 4, 1
Ans. (b)
Q. 30. Which one of the following political thinkers was the first exponent of the liberal theory of States?
(a) John Locke
(b) T.H. Green
(c) Jean Jacques Rousseau
(d) Hobbes
Ans. (a)
(a) John Locke
(b) T.H. Green
(c) Jean Jacques Rousseau
(d) Hobbes
Ans. (a)
Q. 31. “By liberty I mean the eager maintenance of that atmosphere in which men have the opportunity to be their best selves.” Laski.
Which one Of the following expresses the view implied in the above statement?
(a) Liberty is the absence of restraint
(b) Liberty is what the law permits
(c) Liberty is the ability to do what one desires
(d) Liberty is the maintenance of conditions for the growth of human personality
Ans. (d)
Which one Of the following expresses the view implied in the above statement?
(a) Liberty is the absence of restraint
(b) Liberty is what the law permits
(c) Liberty is the ability to do what one desires
(d) Liberty is the maintenance of conditions for the growth of human personality
Ans. (d)
Q. 32. Which one of the following statements about the welfare state is correct?
(a) A welfare state is the same as a socialist state
(b) The welfare state is based on the principles of classical liberalism
(c) The welfare state is collectivist state
(d) The welfare state embodies the principles of neoliberalism
Ans. (b)
(a) A welfare state is the same as a socialist state
(b) The welfare state is based on the principles of classical liberalism
(c) The welfare state is collectivist state
(d) The welfare state embodies the principles of neoliberalism
Ans. (b)
Q. 33. Who among the following thinkers held that “Human consciousness postulates liberty, liberty involves rights and rights demand the State”?
(a) Hegel
(b) Green
(c) Bosanquet
(d) Laski
Ans. (b)
(a) Hegel
(b) Green
(c) Bosanquet
(d) Laski
Ans. (b)
Q. 34. “Rights properly so-called are creations of law properly so called.”
This definition of rights is associated with:
(a) Hobbes
(b) Hegel
(c) Bentham
(d) Laski
Ans. (c)
This definition of rights is associated with:
(a) Hobbes
(b) Hegel
(c) Bentham
(d) Laski
Ans. (c)
Q. 35. The essence of Natural Rights is that:
(a) they are derived from a historical state to nature
(b) they existed in the state of nature and are not existent in civil society
(c) they are the products of nature conceived as concates natus of physical forces
(d) they are in conformity with universal principles of justice and morality and morality
Ans. (a)
(a) they are derived from a historical state to nature
(b) they existed in the state of nature and are not existent in civil society
(c) they are the products of nature conceived as concates natus of physical forces
(d) they are in conformity with universal principles of justice and morality and morality
Ans. (a)
Q. 36. Who among the following used the expression “forced to be free” in connection with the notion of liberty of the individual?’
(a) Rousseau
(b) Locke
(c) Green
(d) Hobhouse
Ans. (a)
(a) Rousseau
(b) Locke
(c) Green
(d) Hobhouse
Ans. (a)
Q. 37. The view that property is a natural right of man was propounded by:
(a) Aristotle
(b) St. Augustine
(c) Locke
(d) Hegel
Ans. (c)
(a) Aristotle
(b) St. Augustine
(c) Locke
(d) Hegel
Ans. (c)
Q. 38. The positive theory of liberty was advocated by:
(a) John Stuart Mill
(b) T.H. Green
(c) Isaih Berlin
(d) Karl Popper
Ans. (b)
(a) John Stuart Mill
(b) T.H. Green
(c) Isaih Berlin
(d) Karl Popper
Ans. (b)
Q. 39. Bentham was a supporter of the theory of:
(a) natural rights
(b) historical rights
(c) legal rights
(d) ethical rights
Ans. (c)
(a) natural rights
(b) historical rights
(c) legal rights
(d) ethical rights
Ans. (c)
Q. 40. The doctrine of proportionate equality was propounded by:
(a) Aristotle
(b) Rousseau
(c) Marx
(d) Rawls
Ans. (a)
(a) Aristotle
(b) Rousseau
(c) Marx
(d) Rawls
Ans. (a)
Q. 41. Who among the following thinkers held the view that equality and liberty
are antithetical?
(a) Lord Action
(b) Karl Marx
(c) Harold Laski
(d) G.D.H. Cole
Ans. (a)
are antithetical?
(a) Lord Action
(b) Karl Marx
(c) Harold Laski
(d) G.D.H. Cole
Ans. (a)
Q. 42. Rawl’s principle of distributive justice is based on the notion of:
(a) desert
(b) difference principle
(c) equality
(d) entitlement
Ans. (b)
(a) desert
(b) difference principle
(c) equality
(d) entitlement
Ans. (b)
Q. 43. The principle of distributive justice was first propounded by:
(a) Aristotle
(b) Godwin
(c) Herbert Spencer
(d) Rawls
Ans. (a)
(a) Aristotle
(b) Godwin
(c) Herbert Spencer
(d) Rawls
Ans. (a)
Q. 44. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer by using the codes given below the lists:
List- I List- II
A. Justice is the interest of the stronger 1. Duguit
B. Justice is doing one’s own work
which is in consonance with his own nature 2. Thrasymachus
C. Justice is ultimately the principle of social 3. Rawls
solidarity
D. Justice is fairness 4. Plato
5. Spencer
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 2 4 1 3
(b) 3 5 1 2
(c) 2 1 3 4
(d) 5 4 2 1
Ans. (a)
List- I List- II
A. Justice is the interest of the stronger 1. Duguit
B. Justice is doing one’s own work
which is in consonance with his own nature 2. Thrasymachus
C. Justice is ultimately the principle of social 3. Rawls
solidarity
D. Justice is fairness 4. Plato
5. Spencer
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 2 4 1 3
(b) 3 5 1 2
(c) 2 1 3 4
(d) 5 4 2 1
Ans. (a)
Q. 45. The thesis which seeks to establish the relationship between electoral process and the party system is known as:.
(a) Mosca’s thesis
(b) Robert Michel’s theory
(c) Weber’s doctrine
(d) President
Ans (d)
(a) Mosca’s thesis
(b) Robert Michel’s theory
(c) Weber’s doctrine
(d) President
Ans (d)
Q. 46. Which one among the following is regarded as a civil right?
(a) Right to public employment
(b) Freedom of speech and expression
(c) Right to elect and to be elected
(d) Right to property
Ans. (b)
(a) Right to public employment
(b) Freedom of speech and expression
(c) Right to elect and to be elected
(d) Right to property
Ans. (b)
Q. 47. The liberal theory was juristic rather than political in:
(a) Germany
(b) England
(c) France
(d) The U.S.A
Ans. (c)
(a) Germany
(b) England
(c) France
(d) The U.S.A
Ans. (c)
Q. 48. Who among the following has expressed the view that if justice is taken away; the State becomes a band of robbers?
(a) Pluto
(b) Aristotle
(c) St. Augustine
(d) Locke
Ans. (c)
(a) Pluto
(b) Aristotle
(c) St. Augustine
(d) Locke
Ans. (c)
Q. 49. For the removal of the abuses of the factory system Robert Owen advocated:
(a) the organization of a strong trade union movement
(b) a revolutionary change of class relations in society
(c) the organization of producer’s co-operatives
(d) a reward system based on the principle of ‘to each according to his needs’
Ans. (c)
(a) the organization of a strong trade union movement
(b) a revolutionary change of class relations in society
(c) the organization of producer’s co-operatives
(d) a reward system based on the principle of ‘to each according to his needs’
Ans. (c)
Q. 50. Which of the following statements are consistent with the Pluralist theory of sovereignty?
1. Although the State is also an association, the possession of coercive power by the State endows it with a superior right over other associations
2. The associations in the State are as real and as self-sufficient as the State itself
3. Law is prior to the State
4. All other associations having valuable social functions to perform are as much ‘sovereign’ as the State is for its purpose
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1, 2 and 4
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (a)
1. Although the State is also an association, the possession of coercive power by the State endows it with a superior right over other associations
2. The associations in the State are as real and as self-sufficient as the State itself
3. Law is prior to the State
4. All other associations having valuable social functions to perform are as much ‘sovereign’ as the State is for its purpose
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1, 2 and 4
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (a)
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